【ap Masterpiece】OMAによる、オランダ・ロッテルダムの美術館「クンストハル」(1992年) photograph by Delfino Sisto Legnani and Marco Cappelletti, courtesy of OMA【ap Masterpiece】OMAによる、オランダ・ロッテルダムの美術館「クンストハル」(1992年) photograph by Delfino Sisto Legnani and Marco Cappelletti, courtesy of OMA【ap Masterpiece】OMAによる、オランダ・ロッテルダムの美術館「クンストハル」(1992年) photograph by Delfino Sisto Legnani and Marco Cappelletti, courtesy of OMA【ap Masterpiece】OMAによる、オランダ・ロッテルダムの美術館「クンストハル」(1992年) photograph by Delfino Sisto Legnani and Marco Cappelletti, courtesy of OMA
The Kunsthal combines 3300 square meters of exhibition space, an auditorium and restaurant into one compact design. Sloping floor planes and a series of tightly organized ramps provide seamless connection between the three large exhibition halls and two intimate galleries. Its position, wedged between a busy highway and the network of museums and green spaces known as the museum park, allows it to function as a gateway to Rotterdam’s most prized cultural amenities. The program demanded three major exhibition spaces – to be used jointly or separately, an auditorium and an independently accessible restaurant.
The site presents a dual condition: the southern edge is bordered by the Maasboulevard, a ‘highway’ on top of a dike. The northern side, a level lower, faces the Museum Park – conventional contemplation.
The building was conceived as a square crossed by two routes: one, a road running east / west, parallel to the Maasboulevard; the other, a public ramp extending the north/south axis of the Museum Park. With these given, and the fact that these crossings would divide the square into four parts, the challenge became: how to design a museum as four autonomous projects – a sequence of contradictory experiences which would nevertheless form a continuous spiral. In other words, how to imagine a spiral in four separate squares. The concept of the building is a continuous circuit.
The pedestrian ramp is split, with a glass wall separating the outside, which is open to the public, from the inside, which is part of the circuit. A second ramp, running parallel and reversed, is terraced to accommodate an auditorium, and beneath it the restaurant. On the level where the two ramps cross, the main entrance is defined. From there the visitor enters a second ramp which goes down to the park and up to the dike level.
Approaching the first hall, one confronts a stairway and an obstructed view, which is gradually revealed – a landscape of tree-columns with a backdrop of greenery framed, and sometimes distorted by the different types of glass of the park facade. From there one follows the inner ramp leading to hall 2, a wide open sky lit space facing the boulevard. A third ramp along a roof garden leads to a more intimate single-height hall and further on to the roof terrace.
■建築概要
Kunsthal
Project: A museum for temporary exhibitions
Client: City of Rotterdam
Year: 1992
Status: Built
Type: Museum
Location: Rotterdam, Netherlands
Site: 60m x 60m area on a dike between major highway and the southern edge of the Museumpark (location of Boymans van Beuningen Museum and Netherlands Architecture Institute), adjacent to the Nature Museum, crossed by a secondary road and a pedestrian ramp
Program: 7,000m2: large hall for traveling exhibitions, three additional galleries, auditorium, independently accessible restaurant
Partner in charge: Rem Koolhaas
Project Architect: Fuminori Hoshino
Team: Tony Adam, Isaac Batenburg, Leo van Immerzeel, Herman Jacobs, Ron Steiner, Jeroen Thomas
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Collaborators
Interior consultants: Petra Blaisse, Kyoko Ohashi, Hans Werlemann
Collaborating artist: Gunter Förg (light installation restaurant)
Structural engineers: Cecil Balmond, Ove Arup; City of Rotterdam
KUNSTHAL RENOVATION
Project: Renovation & update of De Kunsthal 2014
Original design: 1992
Location: Westzeedijk, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Client: City of Rotterdam
Program: Overhaul of the entire Kunsthal improving its sustainability and flexibility. Design of an extra entrance in combination with a new museum shop, café-restaurant, wardrobe and alternative routing.
Partners-in-charge: Rem Koolhaas and Ellen van Loon
Associates-in-charge: Michel van de Kar, Alex de Jong
Team: Peter Rieff, Sebastian Janusz, Mario Rodriguez Lopez, Dongwoo Kim
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Collaborators
Consortium: Eneco, Dura Vermeer, Roodenburg Installatiebedrijf
Structural engineer: Theo Wulffraat & Partners
Interior builder: Coors Interieurbouw
